Chimp_Clint_chrY.gbk

AminoSee DNA Render Summary

Hilbert curvers of dimension 5 used, yielding images with ~116.4 codons per pixel including non-coding regions. Linear reference file shows exactly 1 codons per pixel

• 0. Reference
  
• 1. Histidine
  
• 2. Glutamic acid
  
• 3. Aspartic acid
  
• 4. Lysine
  
• 5. Cysteine
  
• 6. Glycine
  
• 7. Alanine
  
• 8. Valine
  
• 9. Leucine
  
• 10. Isoleucine
  
• 11. Phenylalanine
  
• 12. Tryptophan
  
• 13. Serine
  
• 14. Threonine
  
• 15. Glutamine
  
• 16. Asparagine
  
• 17. Tyrosine
  
• 18. Arginine
  
• 19. Proline
  
• 20. Methionine
  
• 21. Ochre
  
• 22. Amber
  
• 23. Opal
  

1D Linear Map Image

2D Hilbert Map Image

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by Tom Atkinson            aminosee.funk.nz
ah-mee no-see       "I See It Now != I AminoSee it!"

Amino Acid	Hue°	RGB	Count	Description	Hilbert PNG
0. Reference	0°	255,128,128	7,625,504	Composite of all amino acids
1. Histidine	329°	255,128,193	271,466	Group IV: Basic amino acids
2. Glutamic acid	16°	255,162,128	279,714	Group III: Acidic amino acids
3. Aspartic acid	31°	255,193,128	180,349	Group III: Acidic amino acids
4. Lysine	313°	255,128,227	445,587	Group IV: Basic amino acids
5. Cysteine	63°	249,255,128	279,388	Group II: Polar, uncharged amino acids
6. Glycine	78°	217,255,128	375,593	Group I: Nonpolar amino acids
7. Alanine	94°	183,255,128	304,004	Group I: Nonpolar amino acids
8. Valine	125°	128,255,138	394,546	Group I: Nonpolar amino acids
9. Leucine	141°	128,255,172	821,481	Group I: Nonpolar amino acids
10. Isoleucine	157°	128,255,206	455,418	Group I: Nonpolar amino acids
11. Phenylalanine	172°	128,255,238	449,143	Group I: Nonpolar amino acids
12. Tryptophan	188°	128,238,255	141,579	Group I: Nonpolar amino acids
13. Serine	203°	128,206,255	680,537	Group II: Polar, uncharged amino acids
14. Threonine	219°	128,172,255	395,263	Group II: Polar, uncharged amino acids
15. Glutamine	250°	149,128,255	306,513	Group II: Polar, uncharged amino acids
16. Asparagine	266°	183,128,255	309,911	Group II: Polar, uncharged amino acids
17. Tyrosine	282°	217,128,255	242,260	Group II: Polar, uncharged amino acids
18. Arginine	297°	249,128,255	362,334	Group IV: Basic amino acids
19. Proline	344°	255,128,162	377,106	Group I: Nonpolar amino acids
20. Methionine	110°	149,255,128	151,871	START Codon
21. Ochre	0°	255,128,128	150,678	STOP Codon
22. Amber	47°	255,227,128	96,306	STOP Codon
23. Opal	240°	128,128,255	154,457	STOP Codon
19 Amino Acids, 4 Start/Stop codes, 1 NNN	.	.	.	.

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About Start and Stop Codons

The codon AUG is called the START codon as it the first codon in the transcribed mRNA that undergoes translation. AUG is the most common START codon and it codes for the amino acid methionine (Met) in eukaryotes and formyl methionine (fMet) in prokaryotes. During protein synthesis, the tRNA recognizes the START codon AUG with the help of some initiation factors and starts translation of mRNA. Some alternative START codons are found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Alternate codons usually code for amino acids other than methionine, but when they act as START codons they code for Met due to the use of a separate initiator tRNA. Non-AUG START codons are rarely found in eukaryotic genomes. Apart from the usual Met codon, mammalian cells can also START translation with the amino acid leucine with the help of a leucyl-tRNA decoding the CUG codon. Mitochondrial genomes use AUA and AUU in humans and GUG and UUG in prokaryotes as alternate START codons. In prokaryotes, E. coli is found to use AUG 83%, GUG 14%, and UUG 3% as START codons. The lacA and lacI coding this.regions in the E coli lac operon don’t have AUG START codon and instead use UUG and GUG as initiation codons respectively.